Philemon
Signs: Inclusio and Set Theory
Community Theme #2: Guidelines for Community
10 Commandments on the Mount
Sermon on the Mount
Building a fence around the Law
Impersonate me
Homework Help
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Timelines: more next week:
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Inclusio: a literary world technique.
Something is repeated at beginning and end of a text or book to give you a clue as to main theme.
a literary device in which a word, phrase, or idea is included at the beginning and ened of a text (and sometimes in the middle). Example: the "with you"s of Matthew 1:23 , 18:20 and 28:20
Len Sweet is on to something, suggesting a Bible-wide inclusio. How wide and big can these things get? Wouldn't this cue us and clue us in to the heart message of the whole Book?
Check it out!
Ever notice Matthew starts with "His name will be called Emmanuel, which means 'God with us.'
And ends...very last sentence...with "I will be with you."?
No accident.
And neither is the midpoint and message of the gospel: "I will be with you" (18:20).
In Jesus, God is with us.
Jesus is the With-Us God.
Inclusio with chiasm, baby.
You knew God was with us in Christ.. But now you see it as you look at Matthew structurally..
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Set theory
See:
FUZZY SET:
We introduced the third (and final) "set" of "set theory:
-When does a mountain begin?
-Is it about predestination or free will?
-When did Peter become a believer?
These can be debated...as the border can be fuzzy...Thus :
"Fuzzy sets"
"Fuzzy sets"
Here below is some help on Fuzzy Sets. These readings will help:
Which list of the Ten Commandments is the "real" list??
We joked you could win $100 by saying, :Let me read you a list of the Ten Commandments, the only list the Bible explicity calls the Ten Commandments. Tell if this is the list. A hundred bucks says I'm right. Then read them the Ten Commandments from Exodus 34!!:
Exodus 20 Exodus 34: Note: this list, NOT THE
OTHER, is the one that says "THESE ARE
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS"
| 1. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. You shall have no other gods before me. | 1. Thou shalt worship no idol. (For the Lord is a jealous god). Smash all idols, | |
| 2. You shall not make for yourself a graven image. You shall not bow down to them or serve them. | 2. Thou shalt make thee no molten gods. | |
| 3. You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain. | 3. The feast of unleavened bread shalt thou keep in the month when the ear is on the corn. | |
| 4. Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. | 4. All the first-born are mine. | |
| 5. Honor your father and your mother. | 5. Six days shalt thou work, but on the seventh thou shalt rest. | |
| 6. You shall not kill. | 6. Thou shalt observe the feast of weeks, even of the first fruits of the wheat harvest, and the feast of ingathering at the year's end. | |
| 7. You shall not commit adultery. | 7. Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread. | |
| 8. You shall not steal. | 8. The fat of my feast shall not remain all night until the morning. | |
| 9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. | 9. The first of the first fruits of thy ground thou shalt bring unto the house of the Lord thy God. | |
| 10. You shall not covet. | 10. Thou shalt not boil a kid in its mother's milk. |
These look only loosely related to the list we've all heard from Exodus 2O
..
Then we'll introduce Colbert (interviewing a congressman about the Ten Commandments), which
start at 1:49:
turns out to have several helpful serious points about the "literary world" of the topic ]
and the "question of the day"..
Off the top of your head, list words and ideas that come to mind when you think of the story of the giving of the Ten Commandments on Mt Sinai.
Then scroll down for the question..
Was "wedding" on your list?
.....or "love"?
What does all this have to do with a wedding?
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS AS A WEDDING:
The second Ray VanderLaan video on Mount Sinai is not online but both
episodes are on this DVD.
Too bad the video is not online, but most of the study guide IS..
see pp.197-251 here
THANKFULLY, though, here are ) the wedding videos of the Laughing Bride... these actually apply to our "historical world" conversation comparing the giving of the commandments to a wedding imagery:
Remember the 10 Commandments as a wedding?
Watch this:
We'll enjoy the Laughing Bride's wedding video:
Even more:
Here is a longer version with yet some more classic moments.
Remember the 10 Commandments as a wedding?
Watch this:
We'll enjoy the Laughing Bride's wedding video:
Even more:
Here is a longer version with yet some more classic moments.
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---PS Here is my wedding and funeral book story:
CLick:"It happens every time you officiate a wedding"
BTW: Note an inclusio in that the first and last teachings happen on a mountain..hmmmm
SERMON ON THE MOUNT, Mathew chapter 5
Remember:
When we read the "beatitudes," the first section of the Sermon on the Mount: -- do you catch any inclusio? (Note the first and last beatitudes (only) of chapter 5 end
with a promise of the kingdom of heaven, implying that the other promises in between "being filled," "inherit the earth," "be comforted" all have to do with Kingdom
SERMON ON THE MOUNT, Mathew chapter 5
Remember:
- Who was the sermon addressed to?
- Why did he teach on a MOUNTAIN?
- Why did Jesus sit down to teach?
When we read the "beatitudes," the first section of the Sermon on the Mount: -- do you catch any inclusio? (Note the first and last beatitudes (only) of chapter 5 end
with a promise of the kingdom of heaven, implying that the other promises in between "being filled," "inherit the earth," "be comforted" all have to do with Kingdom
--and if Jesus is a NEW MOSES of sorts, then we should look at
SERMON ON THE MOUNT:
Discussion on how Jesus was interpreting/reinterpreting the law of Moses/Torah(Matt 5:17-48).
Some would suggest that he is using the rabbi's technique of "Building a fence around the TORAH."
For example, if you are tempted to overeat, one strategy would be to build a literal fence around the refrigerator...or the equivalent: don't keep snacks around.
See:
Discussion on how Jesus was interpreting/reinterpreting the law of Moses/Torah(Matt 5:17-48).
Some would suggest that he is using the rabbi's technique of "Building a fence around the TORAH."
See:
Some wonder of this is what Jesus is doing here. See:
Jesus' Antitheses - Could they be his attempt to build a fence around the Torah?
A Fence Around the Law
Greg Camp and Laura Roberts write:
In each of the five examples, Jesus begins by citing an existing commandment. His following statement may be translated as either "And I say to you... " or as "But I say to you ...” The first option shows Jesus' comments to be in keeping with the commandments, therefore his words will be an expansion or commentary on the law. This is good, standard rabbinic technique. He is offering his authoritative interpretation, or amplification, to God's torah, as rabbis would do after reading the torah aloud in the synagogue. The second translation puts Jesus in tension with the law, or at least with the contemporary interpretations that were being offered. Jesus is being established as an authoritative teacher who stands in the same rabbinic tradition of other rabbis, but is being portrayed as qualitatively superior to their legal reasoning.
After citing a law Jesus then proceeds to amplify, or "build a hedge" around the law. This was a common practice of commenting on how to put a law into practice or on how to take steps to avoid breaking the law. The idea was that if you built a safe wall of auxiliary laws around the central law, then you would have ample warning before you ever came close to breaking the central law. A modern example might be that if you were trying to diet you would need to exercise more and eat less. In order to make sure that that happened you might dispose of all fats and sweets in the house so as not to be tempted. Additionally, you might begin to carry other types of snacks or drink with you so as to have a substitute if temptation came around, and so forth. In the first example of not killing, Jesus builds a hedge that involves not being angry and not using certain types of language about others. One of the difficulties is that it becomes very difficult not to break his hedges. This might drive his hearers to believe that he is a hyper-Pharisee. Some interpreters have wanted to argue that Jesus does this in order to drive us to grace—except grace is never mentioned in this context. This is a wrong-headed approach to get out of the clear message that Jesus is proclaiming: you must have a transformed life. By building his hedges, Jesus is really getting to the heart of what the law was about. In the first example, the intent is not just to get people not to kill each other (though that is a good thing to avoid), rather it is there to promote a different attitude about how to live together. Taken together, the 10 Words (Commandments) and the other laws which follow in Exodus-Numbers paint a picture of a people who will look out for one another rather than just avoiding doing injury to one another. This becomes clear in Jesus’ solution at the end of the first example. The solution is not to throw yourself on grace or to become paralyzed by fear, but to seek right relations with the other person. There seems to be an implicit acknowledgment that problems will arise. The solution is to seek the best for the other person and for the relationship. This is the heart of the law. The problem with the law is that it can only keep you from sin, but it cannot make you do good. The rabbi Hillel said “what is hateful to you, do not do to others.” In 7:12 , Jesus provides his own interpretation “In everything do to others as you would have them do to you.” He changes the saying from refraining from sin, to actively doing good. The thesis statement in 5:20 is “unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven.” This then is how to exceed, or go beyond the law. In each of the five examples, the way to exceed the law is to make the relationship right.
Instead of drawing a new line in the sand that you are not supposed to cross before you are considered guilty, Jesus, confirms that the center is "love your neighbor" and then just draws an arrow (vector) and tells you to go do it. There is never a point at which you are able to finally fulfill the commandment to love. You can never say that you have loved enough. In the gospel of Matthew, the supreme example of this is Jesus' own life and death. His obedience and love knew no boundaries. --by Greg Camp and Laura Roberts
Ted Grimsrud, in your "God's Healing Strategy" book suggests:
"A better way [as opposed to legalistically legislating morality] to approach [the commandments] would be to ask first, 'What does this commandment teach us about God?'...Hence, the point of the commandments is not establishing absolute, impersonal, even coercive rules which must never be violated. The point rather is that a loving God desires ongoing relationships of care and respect....Paul's interpretation of the Law in Romans 13 makes clear the deepest meaning of the law not as rule-following, but as being open to God's love and finding ways to express that love towards others: 'The commandments..are summed up in this word, Love your neighbor as yourself.'" (pp. 33-34)
ne can see how this could turn to legalism...and when do you stop building fences? See:
A Fence Around the Law
A Fence Around the Law
on the 6 antitheses of the Sermon on The Mount, remember my Paraguay stories?
(oops...)
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OK, below is the backstory of the "LAUGHING BRIDE," which illustrates "building a fence around the Torah":
How do you name the difference in the shift of the 6 antitheses? What does it feel like Jesus is doing? He's making the law______:
- harder?
- easier?
IF IN RED,YOU CAN SKIP
Week
3
Topics: Living in Community: Leadership, Power &
Authority
Preparation Reading:
Hauer & Young ch 5
“The Nation Israel: Joshua, Judges, 1st & 2nd Samuel,
1st & 2nd Kings (entire)
1 Samuel 8 - 18
Deuteronomy 17:14-20
2 Samuel 5 – 7, 11 – 12,
22
2 Kings 14 – 17
Hauer & Young ch 12,
“Mark: The Secret Revealed through Suffering” (pp. 243-245 only)
Hauer & Young ch 12,
“Mark” (pp. 256-257 only)
Mark 9: 33 – 10:45
Matthew 18
Kraybill chs 10-12 (review)
Chapman, Part One: ch. 7, “The Layers of
Meaning in Radical Loving Care”
Chapman, Part One: ch. 8, “Presence and
Affirmation”
Chapman, Part One: ch. 9, “The
Not-So-Surprising Outcomes of the Healing Hospital”
Grimsrud, ch. 4, “Kingship and the Need
for Prophets”
Preparation
Assignments:
1) One Great Person worksheet (attached to this syllabus) and response essay.
2) Hauer & Young ch 5 Questions for Discussion and
Reflection (p. 123): answer #3a-d
Online Moodle Instruction (3
hours during the week after the face-to-face session):
TBA
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